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Esters

Esters have the functional group COO. The functional group for esters is formed from a C=O bond and a C-O bond. This can be simplified to COO.
The letter ‘R’ can be included when representing ester. The letter ‘R’ represents any other group of molecules, so could represent a CH₃ group or CH₂CH₃ group.
Carboxylic acids and alcohols can form esters. As we have just seen, esters are formed from a reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. A catalyst can also be used, such as sulphuric acid.

Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid ⟶ Ester + Water

Esters can be named. Like the other organic compounds we have seen, esters can also be named. However, for exams, you only need to know the ester called ‘ethyl ethanoate’. This has a 2 carbon chain and is formed from ethanol and ethanoic acid.

GCSE Chemistry - Esters — GCSE Chemistry – Esters

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Esters

Esters

Esters

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AQA 1 Atomic structure & the periodic table

AQA 2 Bonding, structure and matter

AQA 3 Quantitative chemistry

AQA 4 Chemical changes

AQA 5 Energy changes

AQA 6 Organic chemistry

AQA 7 Chemical analysis

AQA 8 Chemistry of the atmosphere

AQA 9 Using resources

CIE 1 States of matter

CIE 10 Chemistry of the environment

CIE 11 Organic chemistry

CIE 12 Experimental techniques & chemical analysis

CIE 2 Atoms, elements and compounds

CIE 3 Stoichiometry

CIE 4 Electrochemistry

CIE 5 Chemical energetics

CIE 6 Chemical reactions

CIE 7 Acids, bases and salts

CIE 8 Periodic Table

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Edexcel 1 Atomic Structure

Edexcel 10 Quantitative analysis

Edexcel 11 Dynamic Equilibria

Edexcel 12 Rates of reaction and energy changes

Edexcel 13 Fuels

Edexcel 14 Earth and atmospheric science

Edexcel 15 Hydrocarbons, polymers, alcohols and carboxylic acids

Edexcel 16 Bulk and surface properties of matter including nanoparticles

Edexcel 2 Periodic Table