Contraception - Hormonal Contraception: The Pill, Patches & Implants (GCSE Biology)

Hormonal Contraception: The Pill, Patches & Implants

Hormonal Interventions

Hormonal contraceptives have positive and negative effects. They are very effective, as they alter the environment to prevent fertilisation taking place.

However, by altering with the hormonal balance of the body, there are many negative consequences. These include weight gain, acne and changes in blood pressure. Moreover, problems such as mood changes could also take place.

Oral Contraceptives

• Oral contraceptives can inhibit FSH. Oral contraceptives that inhibit FSH are available. This is called the Pill. The Pill contains oestrogen and progesterone in concentrations that are sufficient to invoke hormonal changes. These hormonal changes are used to stop the production of FSH. If FSH production is reduced, egg maturation cannot take place, as the follicle is not stimulated. As a direct consequence of this, ovulation will not occur.

Progesterone

• Progesterone can inhibit maturation and release of eggs. Progesterone can be injected, implanted or administered via a slow-release skin patch. A device similar to the IUD but one that releases progesterone can also be inserted into the uterus. These are used to stop egg maturation and the release of eggs. This has a success rate of between 92-99%, if taken properly.

GCSE Biology Online Course

Covering every topic in the GCSE syllabus

Buy Now£29

Social Implications of Contraception

The use of contraception can be evaluated:

• There can be side effects. For example, there can be side effects with hormonal contraceptives.
• Contraception can help control global population. This is because it helps reduce family sizes.
• Condoms can help prevent the spread of Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
• Some people may be against the use of contraception. For example, some religious groups believe contraception is wrong.