REPRESENTING SOUND 

• Analogue sounds signals are continuous
• Digital sounds are discrete 
• Sound is digitized by repeatedly measuring and recording the sound wave 

Sounds must be converted into a digital form to be stored and processed by a computer.

ADC (Analogue to Digital Converter) or DAC (Digital to Analogue Converter) is used to process the input or output 

With any machine, there are three main processes:

Input – Processing – Output 

• The higher the resolution the higher the sampling rate
• The higher the sampling rates, the better the quality 
• The more the data the more accurate the sound 
• The bigger the data, the bigger the file size 

The accuracy of the recording and the file size increases as the sample rate and resolution increase.

Bit Nibble – 4 bits or half a byte Byte- 8 bits Kibibyte(aka kilobyte) – 1024 bytes ( 8192 bits) Mebibyte(megabyte) – 1024 kibibytes (1024 KiB)Gibibyte (gigabyte) – 1024 mebibyte (1024 MiB)Tebibyte (terabyte) – 1024 gibibyte (1024 GiB)Pebibyte – 1024 tebibytes (1024 TiB)Exbibyte – 1024 PiB

Binary addition

When doing binary addition, these are the possible answers you can get per unit/ space: 

0 + 0 = 0

0 + 1 = 1

1+ 0 = 1

1 +1 = 0^1

1 + 1 + 1 = 1^1 

Example: 

    ^1     ^1

     1   0  1  0  0  0  0  1

+   0   1  1  1  0  0  0  0

——————————

 1  0   0  0   1  0  0  0 1

——————————