Outline two assumptions of the behaviourist approach.

The behaviourist approach in psychology emphasizes the role of observable behavior and environmental stimuli in shaping behavior. This approach is based on the belief that behavior can be studied objectively, without reference to internal mental processes.

The first assumption of the behaviourist approach is that environmental stimuli shape behavior. This means that individuals are conditioned to respond to certain stimuli in particular ways, and that behavior can be modified through a process of reinforcement and punishment.

The second assumption of the behaviourist approach is that behavior can be studied objectively. This means that observable behavior is the only valid subject matter for scientific study, and that subjective experiences, thoughts, and feelings are not considered relevant or useful in understanding behavior.

The assumptions of the behaviourist approach have influenced research in psychology by emphasizing the importance of controlled laboratory experiments and quantitative data analysis. This approach has been particularly influential in the study of learning, where researchers have focused on the role of environmental stimuli in shaping behavior.

Some criticisms of the behaviourist approach include its focus on observable behavior at the expense of internal mental processes, its limited scope in explaining complex human behavior, and its reliance on animal research as a model for human behavior. Critics also argue that the approach does not take into account the role of cognition, emotions, and social factors in shaping behavior.